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      Linux From Scratch
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      <div class="titlepage">
        <div>
          <div>
            <h1 class="title">
              <a id="idp46180281044624" name="idp46180281044624"></a>Linux
              From Scratch
            </h1>
          </div>
          <div>
            <h2 class="subtitle">
              Version 8.0
            </h2>
          </div>
          <div>
            <div class="authorgroup">
              <div class="author">
                <h3 class="author">
                  <span class="firstname">Created by Gerard</span>
                  <span class="surname">Beekmans</span>
                </h3>
              </div>
              <div class="author">
                <h3 class="author">
                  <span class="firstname">Managing Editor: Bruce</span>
                  <span class="surname">Dubbs</span>
                </h3>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="copyright">
              <a href="legalnotice.html">Copyright</a> &copy; 1999-2017 Gerard
              Beekmans
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <hr />
      </div>
      <div class="toc">
        <h3>
          Table of Contents
        </h3>
        <ul>
          <li class="preface">
            <h4>
              Preface
            </h4>
            <ul>
              <li class="sect1">
                <a href="prologue/foreword.html">Foreword</a>
              </li>
              <li class="sect1">
                <a href="prologue/audience.html">Audience</a>
              </li>
              <li class="sect1">
                <a href="prologue/architecture.html">LFS Target
                Architectures</a>
              </li>
              <li class="sect1">
                <a href="prologue/standards.html">LFS and Standards</a>
              </li>
              <li class="sect1">
                <a href="prologue/package-choices.html">Rationale for
                Packages in the Book</a>
              </li>
              <li class="sect1">
                <a href="prologue/prerequisites.html">Prerequisites</a>
              </li>
              <li class="sect1">
                <a href="prologue/typography.html">Typography</a>
              </li>
              <li class="sect1">
                <a href="prologue/organization.html">Structure</a>
              </li>
              <li class="sect1">
                <a href="prologue/errata.html">Errata</a>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </li>
          <li class="part">
            <h3>
              I. Introduction
            </h3>
            <ul>
              <li class="chapter">
                <h4>
                  1. Introduction
                </h4>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter01/how.html">How to Build an LFS
                    System</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter01/whatsnew.html">What's new since the
                    last release</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter01/changelog.html">Changelog</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter01/resources.html">Resources</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter01/askforhelp.html">Help</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </li>
          <li class="part">
            <h3>
              II. Preparing for the Build
            </h3>
            <ul>
              <li class="chapter">
                <h4>
                  2. Preparing the Host System
                </h4>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter02/introduction.html">Introduction</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter02/hostreqs.html">Host System
                    Requirements</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter02/stages.html">Building LFS in
                    Stages</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter02/creatingpartition.html">Creating a New
                    Partition</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter02/creatingfilesystem.html">Creating a
                    File System on the Partition</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter02/aboutlfs.html">Setting The $LFS
                    Variable</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter02/mounting.html">Mounting the New
                    Partition</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
              <li class="chapter">
                <h4>
                  3. Packages and Patches
                </h4>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter03/introduction.html">Introduction</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter03/packages.html">All Packages</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter03/patches.html">Needed Patches</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
              <li class="chapter">
                <h4>
                  4. Final Preparations
                </h4>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter04/introduction.html">Introduction</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter04/creatingtoolsdir.html">Creating the
                    $LFS/tools Directory</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter04/addinguser.html">Adding the LFS
                    User</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter04/settingenvironment.html">Setting Up
                    the Environment</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter04/aboutsbus.html">About SBUs</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter04/abouttestsuites.html">About the Test
                    Suites</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
              <li class="chapter">
                <h4>
                  5. Constructing a Temporary System
                </h4>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/introduction.html">Introduction</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/toolchaintechnotes.html">Toolchain
                    Technical Notes</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/generalinstructions.html">General
                    Compilation Instructions</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/binutils-pass1.html">Binutils-2.27 -
                    Pass 1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/gcc-pass1.html">GCC-6.3.0 - Pass 1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/linux-headers.html">Linux-4.9.9 API
                    Headers</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/glibc.html">Glibc-2.25</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "chapter05/gcc-libstdc++.html">Libstdc++-6.3.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/binutils-pass2.html">Binutils-2.27 -
                    Pass 2</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/gcc-pass2.html">GCC-6.3.0 - Pass 2</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/tcl.html">Tcl-core-8.6.6</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/expect.html">Expect-5.45</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/dejagnu.html">DejaGNU-1.6</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/check.html">Check-0.11.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/ncurses.html">Ncurses-6.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/bash.html">Bash-4.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/bison.html">Bison-3.0.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/bzip2.html">Bzip2-1.0.6</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/coreutils.html">Coreutils-8.26</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/diffutils.html">Diffutils-3.5</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/file.html">File-5.30</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/findutils.html">Findutils-4.6.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/gawk.html">Gawk-4.1.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/gettext.html">Gettext-0.19.8.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/grep.html">Grep-3.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/gzip.html">Gzip-1.8</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/m4.html">M4-1.4.18</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/make.html">Make-4.2.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/patch.html">Patch-2.7.5</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/perl.html">Perl-5.24.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/sed.html">Sed-4.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/tar.html">Tar-1.29</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/texinfo.html">Texinfo-6.3</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/util-linux.html">Util-linux-2.29.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/xz.html">Xz-5.2.3</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/stripping.html">Stripping</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter05/changingowner.html">Changing
                    Ownership</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </li>
          <li class="part">
            <h3>
              III. Building the LFS System
            </h3>
            <ul>
              <li class="chapter">
                <h4>
                  6. Installing Basic System Software
                </h4>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/introduction.html">Introduction</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/kernfs.html">Preparing Virtual Kernel
                    File Systems</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/pkgmgt.html">Package Management</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/chroot.html">Entering the Chroot
                    Environment</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/creatingdirs.html">Creating
                    Directories</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/createfiles.html">Creating Essential
                    Files and Symlinks</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/linux-headers.html">Linux-4.9.9 API
                    Headers</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/man-pages.html">Man-pages-4.09</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/glibc.html">Glibc-2.25</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/adjusting.html">Adjusting the
                    Toolchain</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/zlib.html">Zlib-1.2.11</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/file.html">File-5.30</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/binutils.html">Binutils-2.27</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/gmp.html">GMP-6.1.2</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/mpfr.html">MPFR-3.1.5</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/mpc.html">MPC-1.0.3</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/gcc.html">GCC-6.3.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/bzip2.html">Bzip2-1.0.6</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/pkg-config.html">Pkg-config-0.29.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/ncurses.html">Ncurses-6.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/attr.html">Attr-2.4.47</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/acl.html">Acl-2.2.52</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/libcap.html">Libcap-2.25</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/sed.html">Sed-4.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/shadow.html">Shadow-4.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/psmisc.html">Psmisc-22.21</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/iana-etc.html">Iana-Etc-2.30</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/m4.html">M4-1.4.18</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/bison.html">Bison-3.0.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/flex.html">Flex-2.6.3</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/grep.html">Grep-3.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/readline.html">Readline-7.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/bash.html">Bash-4.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/bc.html">Bc-1.06.95</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/libtool.html">Libtool-2.4.6</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/gdbm.html">GDBM-1.12</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/gperf.html">Gperf-3.0.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/expat.html">Expat-2.2.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/inetutils.html">Inetutils-1.9.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/perl.html">Perl-5.24.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/xml-parser.html">XML::Parser-2.44</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/intltool.html">Intltool-0.51.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/autoconf.html">Autoconf-2.69</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/automake.html">Automake-1.15</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/xz.html">Xz-5.2.3</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/kmod.html">Kmod-23</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/gettext.html">Gettext-0.19.8.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/procps-ng.html">Procps-ng-3.3.12</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/e2fsprogs.html">E2fsprogs-1.43.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/coreutils.html">Coreutils-8.26</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/diffutils.html">Diffutils-3.5</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/gawk.html">Gawk-4.1.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/findutils.html">Findutils-4.6.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/groff.html">Groff-1.22.3</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/grub.html">GRUB-2.02~beta3</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/less.html">Less-481</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/gzip.html">Gzip-1.8</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/iproute2.html">IPRoute2-4.9.0</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/kbd.html">Kbd-2.0.4</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "chapter06/libpipeline.html">Libpipeline-1.4.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/make.html">Make-4.2.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/patch.html">Patch-2.7.5</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/sysklogd.html">Sysklogd-1.5.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/sysvinit.html">Sysvinit-2.88dsf</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/eudev.html">Eudev-3.2.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/util-linux.html">Util-linux-2.29.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/man-db.html">Man-DB-2.7.6.1</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/tar.html">Tar-1.29</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/texinfo.html">Texinfo-6.3</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/vim.html">Vim-8.0.069</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/aboutdebug.html">About Debugging
                    Symbols</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/strippingagain.html">Stripping
                    Again</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter06/revisedchroot.html">Cleaning Up</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
              <li class="chapter">
                <h4>
                  7. System Configuration
                </h4>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter07/introduction.html">Introduction</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "chapter07/bootscripts.html">LFS-Bootscripts-20150222</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter07/udev.html">Overview of Device and
                    Module Handling</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter07/symlinks.html">Managing Devices</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter07/network.html">General Network
                    Configuration</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter07/usage.html">System V Bootscript Usage
                    and Configuration</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter07/profile.html">The Bash Shell Startup
                    Files</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter07/inputrc.html">Creating the
                    /etc/inputrc File</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter07/etcshells.html">Creating the
                    /etc/shells File</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
              <li class="chapter">
                <h4>
                  8. Making the LFS System Bootable
                </h4>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter08/introduction.html">Introduction</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter08/fstab.html">Creating the /etc/fstab
                    File</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter08/kernel.html">Linux-4.9.9</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter08/grub.html">Using GRUB to Set Up the
                    Boot Process</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
              <li class="chapter">
                <h4>
                  9. The End
                </h4>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter09/theend.html">The End</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter09/getcounted.html">Get Counted</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter09/reboot.html">Rebooting the System</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="chapter09/whatnow.html">What Now?</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
            </ul>
          </li>
          <li class="part">
            <h3>
              IV. Appendices
            </h3>
            <ul>
              <li class="appendix">
                <a href="appendices/acronymlist.html">A. Acronyms and
                Terms</a>
              </li>
              <li class="appendix">
                <a href="appendices/acknowledgments.html">B.
                Acknowledgments</a>
              </li>
              <li class="appendix">
                <a href="appendices/dependencies.html">C. Dependencies</a>
              </li>
              <li class="appendix">
                <a href="scripts/scripts.html">D. Boot and sysconfig scripts
                version-20150222</a>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apds01.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apds02.html">/lib/lsb/init-functions</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds03.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/mountvirtfs</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds04.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/modules</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apds05.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/udev</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apds06.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/swap</a>
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                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds07.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/setclock</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds08.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/checkfs</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds09.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/mountfs</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds10.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/udev_retry</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds11.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/cleanfs</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds12.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/console</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds13.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/localnet</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apds14.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/sysctl</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds15.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/sysklogd</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds16.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/network</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds17.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendsignals</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apds18.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/reboot</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apds19.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/halt</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds20.html">/etc/rc.d/init.d/template</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apds21.html">/etc/sysconfig/modules</a>
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                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds22.html">/etc/sysconfig/createfiles</a>
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                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds23.html">/etc/sysconfig/udev-retry</a>
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                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apds24.html">/sbin/ifup</a>
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                    <a href="scripts/apds25.html">/sbin/ifdown</a>
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                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds26.html">/lib/services/ipv4-static</a>
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                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href=
                    "scripts/apds27.html">/lib/services/ipv4-static-route</a>
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                </ul>
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              <li class="appendix">
                <a href="scripts/eudev-rules.html">E. Udev configuration
                rules</a>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="scripts/apes01.html">55-lfs.rules</a>
                  </li>
                </ul>
              </li>
              <li class="appendix">
                <a href="appendices/licenses.html">F. LFS Licenses</a>
                <ul>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="appendices/creat-comm.html">Creative Commons
                    License</a>
                  </li>
                  <li class="sect1">
                    <a href="appendices/mit.html">The MIT License</a>
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                </ul>
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